Study Guide Ch7

Chapter 7- The Sun

Study Guide

Answer is slashed threw its not the right one if in red it might be the answer.

 Question 1
Diagram 7-1 shows a plot of the temperature of the sun as a function of distance above the bottom of the photosphere. At what distance above the bottom of the photosphere is the temperature of the sun the smallest?
500 km
Diagram 7-1 shows a plot of the temperature of the sun as a function of distance above the bottom of the photosphere. At what distance above the bottom of the photosphere does the temperature of the sun change the most rapidly with distance?
2,300 km
The diagram in Figure 7-1 above shows a plot of the temperature of the sun as a function of distance above the bottom of the photosphere. What is the temperature of the sun at a distance of 2,000 km?
9,000 K

Question 2
Why is the temperature at the region of a sunspot cooler than the photosphere?
Powerful magnetic fields inhibit the convective flow of the gases of the photosphere downward allowing them to cool for longer than would normally be permitted.

Question 3
What is the explanation for the pattern of granulation seen on the visible surface of the Sun?
The granules are the tops of hot gas that have risen from the Sun's convective zone.

Question 4
The chromosphere of the sun
is hotter than the photosphere.

Question 5
The ____ occurs when a rapidly rotating conductor is stirred by convection to produce a magnetic field.
dynamo effect

Question 6
Sunspots are known to be magnetic phenomena because
the Zeeman effect is observed in sunspots.

Question 7
Most of the visible light we see coming from the sun originates from the
chromosphere.

Question 8
The corona and chromosphere of the sun are believed to be heated by
high energy particles being accelerated by the sun's magnetic field.

Question 9
The ____ coincides with the period known as the "little ice age" of Europe and North America. This provides one piece of evidence that suggests a link between solar activity and the amount of solar energy Earth receives.
Maunder sunspot minimum
Babcock sunspot model
coronal hole
Coulomb barrier
weak solar force

Question 10
One sees differences in ________ depending on the time in the sunspot cycle..
I. the latitude at which most sunspots occur
II. the number of sunspots that are visible
III. the rotation rate of the sun's equator
IV. the magnetic polarity of the sunspot pair members in a hemisphere
I & II
I & IV
II & III
I, II & III
I, II & IV

Question 11
A filtergram is a photograph of the sun's surface made
with only those photons emitted in a specific spectral line.

Question 12
Differential rotation of the sun is
the equatorial regions of the sun rotating more rapidly than the polar regions.

Question 13
A recent sunspot maximum occurred in 2001. What is the year of the sunspot maximum that immediately follows the 2001 maximum if the solar cycle continues?
2012
Question 14
A ____ is believed to occur when energy, stored in a twist in the solar magnetic field above a sunspot, is suddenly released.
solar flare

Question 15
The ____ is (are) the hot gases that are the moving extension of the sun's corona.
solar wind

Question 16
The sun's magnetic field is evident in the looped shapes of
prominences.

Question 17

The rotation of the Sun’s photosphere is
fastest at the equator, slower at mid-latitudes, and slowest near the poles.
slowest at the equator, faster at mid-latitudes, and fastest near the poles.
fastest at the equator, slowest at mid-latitudes and equal at the poles which travel at the same speed.
the same regardless of latitude.

Question 18
In the proton-proton chain
energy is produced in the form of gamma rays and the velocity of the created nuclei.

Question 20
 Granulation is caused by
rising and sink gases below the photosphere.

Study Guide Ch6

Chapter 6- Atoms and Spectra

Study Guide

Answer is slashed threw its not the right one if in red it might be the answer.

Question 1
The bluer the light, the ____ each photon contains.
more energy

Question 2
The neutral hydrogen atom consists of
one proton and one electron.

Question 3
Which of the following cannot be determined from the spectrum of a star?
tangential (perpendicular to line of sight) velocity

Question 4
Two stars of the same spectral class must have the same
temperature.

Question 5
A(n) ____ contains two or more atoms that are bound together by exchanging or sharing electrons with each other.
molecule

Question 6
An atom can be excited
b and c absorbs emits

Question 7
The lowest energy level in an atom is
the ground state.

Question 9
Atoms that have the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons are called
isotopes.

Question 10
The process of removing an electron from a stable nucleus is known as
ionization.

Question 11
Each element has its own set of characteristic absorption lines because
electron energy levels differ for each element.

Question 12
A neutral atom always contains
the same number of protons as it does electrons.

Question 13
The Doppler effect states that the motion of any object can
shift the wavelength of spectral lines.

Question 14
can emit a photon when the electron moves to a lower energy level.

Question 15
You are standing near a railroad track and a train is moving toward you at 60 mph and blowing its horn. What will you notice as the train moves past you?
As the train approaches, the horn will sound higher in pitch than when the train is moving away.

Question 16
The temperature of an object from which no heat energy can be extracted is
0° K

Question 17
Diagram 6-2
Diagram 6-2 illustrates a light source, a gas cloud, and three different lines of sight. Along which line of sight would an observer see an absorption spectrum?
3

Question 18
____ is a set of rules that describes how atoms and subatomic particles behave.
Quantum mechanics

Question 20
The two most abundant elements in the sun are
hydrogen and helium.

Question 2
Absolute zero is
the temperature at which atoms have no remaining energy from which we can extract heat.

Question 5
The ____ of a gas is a measure of the average speed of the particles (atoms or melecules) in the gas.
temperature

Question 9
The energy of a photon is proportional to the light's
two of the above frequency/wavelenght

Question 13
 What is the order of star colors with increasing temperature?
Red, Yellow, Blue

Question 7
Diagram 6-2
Diagram 6-2 illustrates a light source, a gas cloud, and three different lines of sight. Along which line of sight would an observer see a continuous spectrum?
1
Question 16
Diagram 6-2
Diagram 6-2 illustrates a light source, a gas cloud, and three different lines of sight. Along which line of sight would an observer see an absorption spectrum?
3
Question 19
Diagram 6-2
Diagram 6-2 illustrates a light source, a gas cloud, and three different lines of sight. Along which line of sight would an observer see an emission spectrum?
2

Question 4
Diagram 6-1
In Diagram 6-1, which of the transitions would absorb a photon with the greatest energy?
Transition 4

Question 12
Diagram 6-1
In Diagram 6-1, which of the transitions would absorb a photon with the smallest energy?
Transition 5

Question 18
Figure 6-1
A plot of the continuous spectra of five different stars is shown in Figure 6-1. Based on these spectra, which of the stars has the lowest temperature?
Star E

Question 8
Figure 6-1
A plot of the continuous spectra of five different stars is shown in Figure 6-1. Based on these spectra, which of the stars is the hottest?
Star A

Question
____ has a negative charge and a mass about 1800 times small than a proton.
An electron

Question
If you move an electron in an atom from a low energy level to a higher energy level within the atom, we say that the atom is
an excited atom.

Question
Which of the following can be determined by using the Doppler Effect?
I. The speed at which a star is moving away from an observer.
II. The transverse velocity of a star.
III. The radial velocity of a star.
IV. The speed at which a car is traveling toward an observer.
I, III, & IV

Question 17
The ____ is responsible for binding the electrons to the nucleus.
Kirchhoff's law
ground state
temperature
Coulomb force
Balmer series

Question
An atom that is excited
can emit a photon when the electron moves to a lower energy level.

More Astronomy Questions Part 1

I took an Astronomy test that you can retake multiple times and i saved the answers some right, some wrong, and some are repeated. If the answer was marked in red its the correction  The different colors are the different test. If they are slashed the answer is wrong.
CHAPTER 5

Question 1
Which of the following sequences of electromagnetic radiation is correct in order of increasing energy?
Visible, UV, X-rays, gamma rays

Question 2
Photons of blue light
have a greater energy than photons of red light.

Question 3
A telescope whose objective is a lens and contains no mirrors is a(n) ____ telescope.
refracting

Question 4
Interferometry  
none of the above

Question 5
Astronomers build telescopes on tops of mountains because  
a and b

Question 6
A ____ is a piece of glass with many small parallel lines etched on its surface to produce a spectrum.  
prism

Question 7
A new generation of ground-based telescopes is currently being built that overcomes the limitations of the older large telescopes. Some of these new telescopes  
all of the above

Question 8
The largest single dish radio telescope  is ______ .
suspended on cables in a valley

Question 9
Which of the following types of electromagnetic radiation has the lowest energy?
X-rays

Question 10
Which of the following features of a telescope determines its light gathering power?
The diameter of the objective

Question 11
Blue light differs from red light in that  
blue light has a longer wavelength than red light.
blue light has a higher energy than red light.

Question 12
The technique of connecting multiple telescopes together to combine the images from each telescope is known as
interferometry.

Question 13
Which of the following telescopes must be used above Earth's atmosphere?  
a radio telescope

Question 14
The main reason for positioning many radio telescopes across a large area and combining the signals is
to produce higher resolution images.

Question 15
Long wavelength visible light  
will appear red in color to the average human eye.

Question 16
In a reflecting telescope the objective is a _______.  
lens

Question 17
What statement below best describes the refraction of light?
The change in direction of a ray of light as it reflects off a surface
The absorption of light as it travels though a dense, transparent material..
The absorption of light as it travels though a dense, transparent material.

Question 18
The main reason for building large optical telescopes on the Earth's surface is
that the warm temperatures of the Earth's surface allow for easier telescope operation.

Question 19
A ____ has a few million light sensitive diodes in an array typically about a half-inch square.
charge-coupled device

Question 20
Radio telescopes are important in astronomy because
they can detect cool hydrogen.

Question 1
In a reflecting telescope the objective is a _______.
mirror

Question 2
Photons of blue light
have a greater energy than photons of red light.

Question 3
The energy of a photon
depends only on the speed of the light.

Question 4
Which of the following types of electromagnetic radiation has the lowest energy?
Infrared radiation

Question 5
A ____ is a piece of glass with many small parallel lines etched on its surface to produce a spectrum.
grating

Question 6
Far infrared astronomy must be done from high-flying aircraft because
far infrared radiation is absorbed low in Earth's atmosphere.

Question 7
Radio telescopes have poor resolving power because
a and b

Question 8
What statement below best describes the refraction of light?
The change in direction of a ray of light as it reflects off a surface
The absorption of light as it travels though a dense, transparent material.

Question 9
Which of the following telescopes must be used above Earth's atmosphere?
an x-ray telescope

Question 10
Ultraviolet radiation from a star
a and b

Question 11
____ has (have) wavelengths that are longer than visible light.
Infrared radiation/ a b c

Question 12
Which of the following sequences of electromagnetic radiation is correct in order of increasing energy?
Visible, UV, X-rays, gamma rays

Question 13
____ is absorbed by ozone in Earth's atmosphere that is located between 20 km and 40 km above Earth's surface. Therefore, telescopes to observe this radiation must be placed in space.
Infrared radiation

Question 14
Astronomers build telescopes on tops of mountains because
a and b

Question 15
What is the relationship between color and wavelength for light?
Wavelength decreases from blue light to red light

Question 16
____ is absorbed by water in Earth's atmosphere and requires that telescopes for observing at these wavelengths be placed on mountain tops or in space.
Radio wave radiation

Question 17
The largest single dish radio telescope  is ______ .
suspended on cables in a valley

Question 18
In which way does a photon of blue light NOT differ from a photon of red light?
Energy

Question 19
A new generation of ground-based telescopes is currently being built that overcomes the limitations of the older large telescopes. Some of these new telescopes
all of the above

Question 20
Which of the following types of electromagnetic radiation has the highest frequency?
Gamma-rays

Question 1
A new generation of ground-based telescopes is currently being built that overcomes the limitations of the older large telescopes. Some of these new telescopes  
all of the above

Question 2
Which of the following sequences of electromagnetic radiation is correct in order of increasing energy?
Visible, UV, X-rays, gamma rays

Question 3
Photons of blue light
have a greater energy than photons of red light.

Question 4
Blue light differs from red light in that
blue light has a higher energy than red light.
blue light has a higher energy than red light. 
blue light has a longer wavelength than red light.

Question 5
Radio telescopes are ____ telescopes.  
reflecting

Question 6
Interferometry
is used to improve the resolving power.

Question 7
A nanometer is
a unit of length.

Question 8
What statement below best describes the refraction of light?
The spreading out of white light according to wavelength.
The absorption of light as it travels though a dense, transparent material.
The change in direction of a ray of light as it reflects off a surface.
The absorption of light as it travels though a dense, transparent material..

Question 9
Radio telescopes are important in astronomy because
they can detect cool hydrogen.

Question 10
Far infrared astronomy must be done from high-flying aircraft because  
far infrared radiation is absorbed low in Earth's atmosphere.

Question 11
____ has (have) wavelengths that are longer than visible light.
a, b and d/ infrared ultraviolet 

Question 12
The largest single dish radio telescope  is ______ .
suspended on cables in a valley

Question 13
In a reflecting telescope the objective is a _______.
mirror

Question 14
What is the wavelength of the longest wavelength light that can be seen with the human eye?
7000 nm 700nm

Question 15
Which of the following telescopes must be used above Earth's atmosphere?
an x-ray telescope

Question 16
Which of the following types of electromagnetic radiation has the smallest frequency?
Radio

Question 17
Radio telescopes have poor resolving power because
radio waves have long wavelengths.

Question 18
The ____ of a telescope is a measure of its ability to show fine detail and depends on the diameter of the objective.
resolving power

Question 19
A ____ has a few million light sensitive diodes in an array typically about a half-inch square.
charge-coupled device

Question 20
Which of the following types of electromagnetic radiation has the greatest energy?
Infrared radiation
ultraviolet

____ has (have) wavelengths that are shorter than visible light.
I. Gamma-rays
II. Ultraviolet light
III. Infrared radiation
IV. X-rays
I, II, & IV

Which of the following features of a telescope determines its light gathering power?
The diameter of the objective